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对1B×1B、1B×1B/1R和1B×1R×1B/1R三类杂交组合共23个F_1及其15个亲本的花药培养效应进行了研究;并对1B×1B/1R类型9个杂交组合的593个F_1花粉植株进行了根尖细胞染色体鉴定。研究结果表明:在1B背景下,1B/1R易位能显著提高小麦花粉愈伤组织诱导率、绿苗分化率和绿苗诱导率,并发现由1B×1B/1R类型杂交组合F_1获得的花粉植株绝大部分为1B/1R类型,1B/1R类型花粉植株(1对随体)和1B类型花粉植株(2对随体)的比例为4.5—14.0:1,而不是1:1,这表明1B/1R易位的花培效应,主要是在1B背景下提高了具有1B/1R易位的小孢子的胚胎发生能力。同时发现1B/1R易位具有降低白苗分化率的作用,这一作用不受1B的影响。
The anther culture effects of 23 F1 and its 15 parents were studied in 1B × 1B, 1B × 1B / 1R and 1B × 1R × 1B / 1R hybrids and 9 hybrids of 1B × 1B / 1R A total of 593 F_1 pollen plants were selected for root tip cell chromosome identification. The results showed that the translocation of 1B / 1R could significantly improve the pollen callus induction rate, the green shoot differentiation rate and the green shoot induction rate in the 1B background and the pollen obtained by the 1B × 1B / 1R type hybrid F1 The majority of plants are 1B / 1R types, with a ratio of 4.5-14.0: 1 instead of 1: 1 for 1B / 1R type pollen plants (1 pair of satellite) and 1B type pollen plants (2 pairs of satellite) 1B / 1R translocation, mainly due to the enhanced embryogenesis ability of microspores with 1B / 1R translocation under 1B background. At the same time, 1B / 1R translocation was found to reduce the rate of white shoot differentiation, which is not affected by 1B.