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蒸散发对气候变量的敏感性研究是近年来水文学的热点之一,对探讨水循环对气候变化的响应具有重要意义。本文利用1960年-2005年澜沧江流域及其周边35个气象站的逐日常规气象观测数据,基于Penman-Monteith公式,计算了1月、7月及年3个不同时间尺度下潜在蒸散发对平均气温、相对湿度、风速及日照时数的敏感系数,分析了澜沧江流域潜在蒸散发对各气候变量的敏感性及其时空变化规律。结果表明各站潜在蒸散发对各变量的敏感系数空间分异明显,流域整体上对日照时数最为敏感。几十年来对日照时数的敏感性在1月主要为增加趋势,7月则为减小趋势。
Research on the sensitivity of evapotranspiration to climate variables is one of the hot points of hydrology in recent years. It is of great significance to discuss the response of water cycle to climate change. Based on the daily routine meteorological observation data of 35 weather stations in the Lancang River basin and its surrounding areas from 1960 to 2005 and based on the Penman-Monteith formula, the effects of latent evapotranspiration on average air temperature at three different time scales in January, July and year were calculated. , Relative humidity, wind speed and sunshine duration, the sensitivity of the potential evapotranspiration to the climate variables and its temporal and spatial variation in the Lancang River Basin were analyzed. The results show that the potential variability of potential evapotranspiration at each station has obvious spatial variability of the sensitivity coefficients, and the catchment is the most sensitive to sunshine hours as a whole. The sensitivity to hours of sunshine over the decades has been mostly at an increased trend in January and July at a decreasing trend.