目的:探讨血清瘦素、皮质醇水平与新生儿体重等指标及早期新生儿生长发育的关系。方法:选取该院妇产科2012年3月~2013年4月分娩的健康新生儿83例为研究对象,足月儿62例,为足月组,早产儿21例,为早产组。分析分娩时脐静脉血瘦素、皮质醇水平与新生儿出生时体重、身长之间的关系;脐静脉血瘦素、皮质醇水平与新生儿出生后48 h的进奶量及1个月、2个月、6个月体重增长率、身长增长率之间的关系。结果:足月儿平均孕周、出生体重、出生身长、脐静脉血瘦素水平均显著高于早产儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);足月儿脐静脉血皮质醇水平显著低于早产儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。83例新生儿的脐静脉血瘦素水平和皮质醇水平呈显著负相关(r=0.456,P=0.000)。脐血瘦素与48 h进奶量呈显著正相关,与不同时间的体重增长率、身长增长率呈显著负相关;脐血皮质醇水平与48 h进奶量呈显著负相关,与不同时间的体重增长率、身长增长率呈显著的正相关。结论:脐静脉血瘦素及皮质醇与新生儿生长发育有关,可作为预测新生儿生长发育的指标。 Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum leptin, cortisol level and neonatal body weight and early neonatal growth and development. Methods: Totally 83 healthy newborns delivered from March 2012 to April 2013 in our hospital were selected as study objects. There were 62 full-term infants, which were full-term group and 21 premature infants. Analysis of umbilical cord blood leptin, cortisol levels and birth weight at birth, the relationship between body length; umbilical cord blood leptin, cortisol levels and 48 h after birth into the milk volume and 1 month, 2 months, 6 months weight growth rate, the relationship between growth rate. Results: The average gestational age, birth weight, birth length and umbilical venous blood leptin level in term infants were significantly higher than those in preterm infants (P <0.05). The levels of cortisol in term infants were significantly lower In preterm children, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between umbilical venous blood leptin level and cortisol level in 83 neonates (r = 0.456, P = 0.000). There was a significant positive correlation between cord blood leptin and milk intake at 48 h, negatively correlated with body weight growth rate and height growth rate at different time points. Cord blood cortisol level was negatively correlated with milk intake at 48 h, Weight growth rate, height growth rate showed a significant positive correlation. Conclusion: Umbilical cord blood leptin and cortisol are related to the growth and development of neonates, which may be used as an index to predict the growth and development of neonates.