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体重过度增长成为今天危害中国青少年最为严重的健康问题之一。由于女子在任何年龄段比男子更少身体活动,并且这种差异在青春期表现的尤为突出,因此必需采取相应的预防措施,以防止或降低由于身体缺少活动而导致青春期少女肥胖。本研究通过比较城乡少女不同体重水平下身体活动相关因子,为指导今后干预措施提供借鉴依据。来自江西省3所中学446名女生作为研究对象,将其按家庭住地分层,体重水平状态分组,基于身体活动标准,再分为活跃组和低活跃组。采用混合模型的方差分析比较各组因子。无论社会认知还是环境变量在不同体重水平下城乡女少女没有差异,知觉行为控制在活跃组得分更高,总体而言,城市少女的社会认知变量与活跃水平相关性更高,而乡村少女的环境因子与活跃水平具有更多的相关性。故身体活动干预,不应单以体重水平为依据,应建立在身体活动水平和家庭背景,满足女性特殊需要的基础上。
Excessive weight gain has become one of the most serious health problems that endanger Chinese adolescents today. Because women have less physical activity than men at any age and this disparity is particularly prominent in adolescence, appropriate precautions must be taken to prevent or reduce obesity in adolescent girls due to lack of physical activity. In this study, by comparing the physical activity of urban and rural girls at different levels of body weight factors, to provide guidance for future interventions. A total of 446 girls from 3 middle schools in Jiangxi province were selected as study subjects. They were stratified by family residence and were grouped according to weight level. They were divided into active group and low active group based on physical activity criteria. Variance analysis of the mixed model was used to compare the factors in each group. Regardless of social cognition or environmental variables at different weight levels, there was no difference between urban and rural girls and girls, and perceived behavioral control had a higher score in the active group. Overall, the social cognition variables of urban girls were more correlated with the activity level, while rural girls The environmental factors and active levels have more relevance. Therefore, physical activity intervention should not be based on the level of weight alone, but should be based on the level of physical activity and family background to meet the special needs of women.