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对南通及周边地区2004-2010年共1867例毒蛇咬伤病例进行回顾性流行病学调查。结果表明,南通及周边各区毒蛇咬伤发生率有明显不同,高发区集中在如皋市、如东县、通州市、南通市区(共占70.70%)。主要致伤蛇种为蝮蛇(99.63%),主要群体是农民(84.90%),女性略多于男性(男性∶女性为1∶1.08),高发年龄在40～69岁(72.74%),高发地区在农村,高发季节集中在夏秋农忙季节(6-9月占81.95%),高发时段主要在傍晚(20时左右),咬伤部位四肢占多(99.68%)。受伤者大部分能在24h内及时就诊(84.84%),严重程度不高(轻84.52%、重12.16%、危重3.32%),总体预后较好(痊愈98.77%、致残0.59%、自动出院占0.48%、死亡0.16%)。该研究反映了当地毒蛇咬伤流行病学的一些特点,填补了该项研究的空白,对当地毒蛇咬伤的防治具有相当重要的意义。
A retrospective epidemiological investigation of 1867 snakebite cases in Nantong and surrounding areas from 2004 to 2010 was conducted. The results showed that the occurrence rates of snake bites in Nantong and surrounding areas were significantly different. The high incidence areas were concentrated in Rugao, Rudong, Tongzhou and Nantong (accounting for 70.70%). The main snake species was viper (99.63%), the main group was peasant (84.90%), the female was slightly more than the male (male: the female was 1: 1.08), the high incidence was 40-69 (72.74%), In rural areas, the high season concentrated in summer and autumn busy season (June-September accounted for 81.95%), high incidence period mainly in the evening (about 20), biting limbs (99.68%). The majority of the injured were able to get timely treatment (84.84%) within 24 hours, the severity was not high (84.52%, 12.16% and 3.32%, respectively), and the overall prognosis was good (98.77% recovered and 0.59% disabled) 0.48%, death 0.16%). The study reflects some of the characteristics of the epidemiology of local snakebite and fills the gap in the study, which is of great significance to the prevention and treatment of local snakebite.