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采用径流小区法,研究自然生草和低、中、高不同施肥水平下人工生草的栽培方式对果园土壤流失量、径流量及氮磷面源污染的控制效果.结果表明:(1)自然生草和人工生草处理均可极显著降低果园径流总氮、可溶性总氮、氨态氮和硝态氮的含量及流失量,且自然生草与人工生草处理间的差异显著,而不同施肥水平下人工生草处理间的差异不显著;(2)自然生草和人工生草处理均可极显著降低果园径流总磷和可溶性磷的含量,不同施肥水平下人工生草处理均可极显著降低径流总磷和可溶性磷的流失量,且低、中、高肥处理间的差异不显著;(3)人工生草和自然生草处理的土壤流失量分别只有清耕处理(对照)的2.44%-2.96%和13.26%,均可极显著降低土壤流失量,人工生草处理的保土效果不同施肥水平间的差异不显著;(4)人工生草处理对于减少坡地果园的水土和养分流失有着显著或极显著的效果,人工生草和自然生草处理的全年径流量,土壤流失量,总氮、总磷含量分别为538.91 m3·hm-2·a-1、22.7 t·km-2·a-1、1.36 kg·hm-2·a-1和0.18kg·hm-2·a-1.
The runoff plot method was used to study the control effects of artificial grass planting under natural grass planting and low, medium and high fertilization levels on orchard runoff, runoff and nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution.The results showed that: (1) Both grass-planting and artificial grass-planting could significantly reduce the total nitrogen, soluble total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content and loss in orchard runoff, and there was significant difference between natural grass and artificial grass planting, There was no significant difference between the treatments of artificial grass under the fertilization level. (2) Both natural grass and artificial grass could significantly reduce the content of total phosphorus and soluble phosphorus in the orchard, Significantly reduce the runoff phosphorus and soluble phosphorus loss, and the difference between low, medium and high fertilizer treatments was not significant; (3) The soil loss of artificial grass and natural grass was only 2.44% -2.96% and 13.26%, respectively, could significantly reduce the amount of soil loss. There was no significant difference in the soil fertility between artificial fertilization and different fertilization levels. (4) The drain is significant Or extremely significant results. The annual runoff, soil loss, total nitrogen and total phosphorus content of artificial grass and natural grass planting were 538.91 m3 · hm-2 · a-1,22.7 t · km-2 · a-1, 1.36 kg · hm-2 · a-1 and 0.18 kg · hm-2 · a-1.