小麦土传花叶病在日本于1900年前后就已发现,1919年在美国中南部发生,后来扩及东部麦区。1923年确定它是病毒性的,是最早被知道的小麦病毒病之一,而且首先被认为具有土传的特性。近年该病遍布于美国东部和中部以及日本、意大利、埃及、阿根廷和巴西等。根美国1975年前后多点多年试验结果,最轻的减产2—5％,平均减产20％左右,较重的减产40—50％,最重的减产75％。我国当前有关小麦这方面病害的报道很少。 Soil mosaic disease of wheat was found in Japan around 1900 and occurred in central and southern United States in 1919 and later extended to eastern wheat. It was identified as virulent in 1923 and one of the earliest known virus diseases of wheat, and was first thought to be earth-loving. In recent years, the disease has spread throughout the eastern and central United States as well as Japan, Italy, Egypt, Argentina and Brazil. According to the results of multi-year trial conducted by the United States around 1975, the lightest yield reduction was 2-5%, with an average reduction of about 20%, a heavier reduction of 40-50% and a heaviest reduction of 75%. There are few reports about the disease of wheat in this area in our country at present.