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雷蒙德·威廉斯的物质化意识形态理论认为,意识形态是物质社会发展过程中的重要组成部分,即意识形态内在地存在于物质社会发展过程自身之中,不是依附于物质和对物质的“反映”、“投射”的“被决定”的“存在”。这种物质化意识形态观既有马克思主义意识形态理论的普遍性,又有英国文化马克思主义的特殊性,它强调意识形态的“物质性”和“社会实践性”。传统马克思主义由于过分强化意识形态的精神性维度,使得它缺乏直接介入社会生活和实现社会变革的“物质动因”。威廉斯以“物质活动”去充实马克思的意识形态理论,在弥补了传统马克思主义的部分缺陷的同时,也面临着自身的难题,这些难题本质上构成了他意识形态理论内在具有的限度。
Raymond Williams’s theory of materialized ideology holds that ideology is an important part of the process of material and social development. That is, ideology inherently exists in the process of material and social development itself, not on material and material “Reflected ”, “Cast ” “Decided ” “Existence ”. This materialist ideology not only has the universality of Marxist ideology but also the particularity of British cultural Marxism. It emphasizes the “materiality” and “social practice” of ideology. Due to the over-intensification of the spiritual dimension of ideology, traditional Marxism lacks the “material motivation” that directly intervenes in social life and realizes social change. In order to enrich Marx’s ideological theory with “material activity ”, Williams confronted part of the defects of traditional Marxism as well as faced his own difficulties, which essentially constituted the inherent limits of his ideological theory .