近年来无创正压通气在临床上应用日渐广泛,尤其是在急性呼吸衰竭治疗中的地位越来越高,但其在急性呼吸衰竭中的应用疗效及安全性也一直存在争议。选择合适的患者,把握无创正压通气在各种急性呼吸衰竭中的应用指征是无创通气治疗成功的关键因素。现就无创正压通气在常见急性呼吸衰竭疾病中的应用予以综述。 In recent years, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation is increasingly used clinically, especially in the treatment of acute respiratory failure, but its efficacy and safety in acute respiratory failure have also been controversial. Choosing the right patient and grasping the indications of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in various kinds of acute respiratory failure are the key factors for the success of noninvasive ventilation. The application of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in common acute respiratory failure is reviewed.