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目的了解青岛地区不同年龄段无偿献血者血液检测不合格分布情况,为无偿献血招募和筛查策略提供科学依据,从而减少血液报废,保护血液资源,提高血液安全性。方法收集近10年青岛地区不同年龄段无偿献血者相关数据。相关检测指标有:HBs Ag、抗-HIV、抗-HCV、抗-TP、ALT及核酸检测。按不同年龄段分组,进行统计学分析。结果无偿献血者共985 790人次,总不合格率2.98%。不同年龄段献血者检验阳性率有统计学差异(P<0.01),且55-60岁献血者阳性率最低(0.92%),而25-34岁献血者阳性率最高(3.87%)。在男性各年龄组中,25-34岁组ALT阳性率最高(3.77%),最低的为55-60岁组(0.15%),有统计学差异(P<0.01)。女性抗-TP阳性率显著高于男性,且25-34岁女性抗-TP阳性率最高(0.64%)。55-60岁献血者HBs Ag阳性率显著低于其他年龄组。各年龄组HIV的阳性率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对于不同年份的比较,不合格率在2009年最高,出现了先升高后下降并趋于稳定的趋势。结论为了减少血液报废,可以选择性地针对25-34岁女性献血者进行献血前的抗-TP快速检测。定向加大对55-60岁献血者的招募力度,使其成为无偿献血的有力补充。应加大对25-34岁献血者的健康教育和献血前筛查的力度以减少血液报废,加大对18-24岁献血者的招募和宣教力度以增加其在献血人群中的比例。
Objective To understand the distribution of unqualified blood tests in unpaid blood donors of different age groups in Qingdao and to provide a scientific basis for the recruitment and screening of unpaid blood donations so as to reduce blood waste, protect blood resources and improve blood safety. Methods The data of unpaid blood donors from different age groups in Qingdao in the recent 10 years were collected. Relevant detection indicators are: HBsAg, anti-HIV, anti-HCV, anti-TP, ALT and nucleic acid detection. According to different age groups, statistical analysis. Results A total of 985 790 blood donors, the total failed rate of 2.98%. The positive rates of blood donors from different age groups were statistically significant (P <0.01), and the lowest positive rate was found in blood donors aged 55-60 (0.92%), while the highest positive rate was seen in blood donors aged 25-34 (3.87%). Among all the male age groups, the positive rate of ALT in the 25-34 age group was the highest (3.77%) and the lowest was in the 55-60 age group (0.15%), with statistical difference (P <0.01). Female anti-TP positive rate was significantly higher than men, and 25-34-year-old women had the highest anti-TP positive rate (0.64%). The positive rates of HBsAg in 55-60 years old blood donors were significantly lower than those in other age groups. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of HIV among all age groups (P> 0.05). As for the comparison of different years, the failure rate was the highest in 2009, showing the trend of first increasing, then decreasing and stabilizing. Conclusion In order to reduce blood waste, anti-TP rapid tests prior to donation can be selectively performed on 25-34-year-old female donors. Directed to increase the 55-60-year-old blood donor recruitment efforts, making it a strong complement to blood donation. Health education and pre-blood screening screening of blood donors aged 25-34 should be stepped up to reduce blood scrap and increase recruitment and advocacy for blood donors aged 18-24 to increase their proportion in blood donors.