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复合材料有两种本质上不同的类型。①为得到独特的综合性能(通常为力学性能)而制造的复合材料;②为易于制造而形成的复合材料.①的原型是纤维复合材料或层合复合材料.本文将综述可得到的性能,讨论组分的尺寸所引起的有趣效应,其中值得注意的是裂纹止裂和薄膜效应.②的例子是聚合物-聚合物复合材料以及形成陶瓷和高强金属的某些工艺.①和②的共同的例子是控制了热导率的复合材料.
There are two essentially different types of composites. (1) Composites made for unique properties (usually mechanical properties), (2) Composites formed for ease of manufacture, 1) Prototypes are fiber composites or laminate composites.This article reviews the available properties, The interesting effects caused by the size of the components are discussed, notably crack arrest and film effects. Examples of these are polymer-polymer composites and certain processes for the formation of ceramics and high-strength metals. An example is a composite that controls thermal conductivity.