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目的分析本院近一年多以来肾病患者和泌尿系感染者的尿培养菌分布和耐药情况,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法采用回顾性查询,对2011年1月1日-2012年3月31日肾病中心和泌尿外科病区送检分离的菌株分析研究。结果共分离73例致病菌,其中革兰阴性杆菌56例(76.7%),以大肠埃希菌为主,共计41例(56.16%),各种革兰阴性杆菌检出率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=72,P<0.05);革兰阳性球菌13例(17.8%),以肠球菌为主,共计6例(8.22%),各种革兰阳性球菌检出率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=42,P<0.05);真菌4例(5.5%)。革兰阴性杆菌耐药率最低的是亚胺培南,最高的是氨苄西林,各种抗生素耐药率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=251.82,P<0.05);革兰阳性球菌中耐药率最低的是万古霉素,最高的是克林霉素,各种抗生素耐药率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=186.89,P<0.05)。结论尿培养对肾病患者极为重要,关系到临床用药和治疗方案的选择,应引起临床足够的重视。
Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of urinary culture bacteria in patients with nephropathy and urinary tract infections in our hospital for more than one year and provide the basis for clinical rational drug use. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted to analyze the isolates from the Nephrology Center and Urology Ward from January 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012. Results A total of 73 pathogenic bacteria were isolated, of which 56 (76.7%) were Gram-negative bacilli. Escherichia coli was the main source of this disease, accounting for a total of 41 cases (56.16%). The detection rates of Gram-negative bacilli were statistically different (Χ2 = 72, P <0.05); Gram-positive cocci in 13 cases (17.8%), mainly enterococci, a total of 6 cases (8.22%), the detection rate of Gram-positive cocci was statistically significant (χ2 = 42, P <0.05); 4 fungi (5.5%). Gram-negative bacilli was the lowest resistance rate of imipenem, the highest is ampicillin, the antibiotic resistance rate was statistically significant difference (χ2 = 251.82, P <0.05); Gram-positive cocci resistance rate The lowest was vancomycin, and the highest was clindamycin. There was a statistically significant difference in the rates of resistance among various antibiotics (χ2 = 186.89, P <0.05). Conclusion Urine culture is extremely important for patients with nephropathy, which is related to the choice of clinical medication and treatment options, which should attract enough attention in clinical practice.