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目的了解凌云县1997～2007年病毒性肝炎的流行特征,掌握其流行趋势,为今后病毒性肝炎的防治提供科学依据。方法收集全县病毒性肝炎发病资料和病例个案资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果1997~2007年共发生病毒性肝炎876例,以乙型肝炎发病最多,占55.25%(484/876),其次是未分型肝炎,占31.28%(274/876)。甲型肝炎的发病近年来呈局部爆发流行趋势,以人口高度集中的中小学校学生为主,占12.79%(112/876)。本病的好发人群是中小学生及青壮年,男性发病率高于女性(2.06:1);职业以农民和学生为多。结论针对高危人群加强甲、乙型肝炎疫苗的推广应用、做好卫生知识的宣传及教育,加强对食品卫生、医院血制品、注射器材的监督管理是有效控制病毒性肝炎流行的关键措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis in Lingyun County from 1997 to 2007 and to master its epidemic trend and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis in the future. Methods The data of the incidence of viral hepatitis and cases in the county were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 876 cases of viral hepatitis occurred from 1997 to 2007, accounting for 55.25% (484/876) of the patients with hepatitis B, followed by those without hepatitis (31.28% (274/876)). In recent years, the incidence of hepatitis A has shown a trend of local outbreak, with a high concentration of primary and secondary school students, accounting for 12.79% (112/876). The incidence of this disease are primary and secondary school students and young adults, the incidence of male than female (2.06: 1); occupation to farmers and students. Conclusions Aiming to promote the popularization and application of hepatitis A and B vaccines in high-risk groups, publicize and educate health knowledge and strengthen supervision and management of food hygiene, hospital blood products and injection equipment are the key measures to effectively control the prevalence of viral hepatitis.