【摘 要】
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目的 对2004-2006年上海市麻疹暴发、流行的野毒株进行基因特征分析和分子流行病学研究,为提出更好的免疫策略,实现麻疹消除目标提供科学依据.方法 采集的血清用ELISA法检测
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目的 对2004-2006年上海市麻疹暴发、流行的野毒株进行基因特征分析和分子流行病学研究,为提出更好的免疫策略,实现麻疹消除目标提供科学依据.方法 采集的血清用ELISA法检测麻疹病毒IgM抗体;用Vero/SLAM细胞对采集的咽拭子标本进行病毒分离,分离到的麻疹病毒株用RT-PCR方法扩增其核蛋白基因C端的部分序列,并对扩增产物进行核苷酸序列测定和分析,以C端456个核苷酸为目的 片段进行基因亲缘性关系分析.结果 2004-2006年上海市疾病预防控制中心对148例疑似麻疹病人的血清进行麻疹IgM抗体检测,132份血清阳性,148份咽拭子中分离到66株麻疹野病毒,阳性率分别为89.2%和44.6%.病毒分离阳性标本的对应血清麻疹IgM抗体检测均为阳性.分离到的66株麻疹野毒株均为H1基因型,除Shanghai04-5为H1b基因亚型外,其余均为H1a基因亚型.所有分离毒株之间的核苷酸同源性为95.8%～100%,氨基酸同源性为95.8%～100%.所有毒株与中国疫苗株S191的核苷酸同源性为91.2%～93.2%,氨基酸同源性为86.8%～90.1%;与疫苗株Changchun-47的核苷酸同源性为92.5%～93.4%,氨基酸同源性为88.2%～91.4%.结论 引起2004-2006年上海市麻疹暴发、流行的野毒株为HI基因型,并以H1a为绝对优势亚型.上海市2005年和2006年可能都有一个主传播链的存在.
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