A high-temperature reduction and smelting process was used to recover iron and calcium aluminate slag from high-ferrous bauxite. The effects of w(CaO)/w(SiO_2) ratio, anthracite ratio, and reduction temperature and time on the recovery and size of iron nuggets and on the Al_2O_3 grade of the calcium aluminate slag were investigated through thermodynamic calculations and experiments. The optimized process conditions were the bauxite/anthracite/slaked lime weight ratio of 100:16.17:59.37, reduction temperature of 1450°C and reduction time of 20 min. Under these conditions, high-quality iron nuggets and calcium aluminate slag were obtained. The largest size and the highest recovery rate of iron nuggets were 11.42 mm and 92.79wt%, respectively. The calcium aluminate slag mainly comprised Ca_2 SiO_4 and Ca_(12)Al_(14)O_(33), with small amounts of Fe Al_2O_4, CaAl_2O_4, and Ca_2Al_2SiO_7. A high-temperature reduction and smelting process was used to recover iron and calcium aluminate slag from high-ferrous bauxite. The effects of w (CaO) / w (SiO 2) ratio, anthracite ratio, and reduction temperature and time on the recovery and size of iron nuggets and on the Al_2O_3 grade of the calcium aluminate slag were investigated through thermodynamic calculations and experiments. The optimized process conditions were the bauxite / anthracite / slaked lime weight ratio of 100: 16.17: 59.37, reduction temperature of 1450 ° C and reduction The largest size and the highest recovery rate of iron nuggets were 11.42 mm and 92.79 wt%, respectively. The calcium aluminate slag mainly comprised Ca 2 SiO 4 and Ca 12 Al 14 O 33 with small amounts of Fe Al 2 O 4, CaAl 2 O 4, and Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 7.