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目的探讨出血热发病影响因素、评价出血热疫苗免疫效力。方法采用1∶2配比病例对照研究,对2013年第3季度吉林省疫情网络报告的实验室确诊病例154例及308例对照的相关资料进行条件Logistic回归分析。结果经多因素Logistic回归分析,发病前2个月接触鼠类、野外住宿史、鼠洞附近坐卧、外伤史、外出史为出血热危险因素,其OR值依次为9.08、7.18、3.83、3.17、3.13;接种疫苗及饮食前后洗手是保护因素,其OR值分别为0.06、0.14;疫苗保护效力为接种2针疫苗83.48%、3针疫苗94.94%。结论应加大宣传力度,全面提高人群疾病知晓率、疫苗接种率,逐步改变人群行为习惯,降低发病风险。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of hemorrhagic fever and evaluate the immune efficacy of hemorrhagic fever vaccine. Methods A case-control study with a ratio of 1: 2 was conducted. Logistic regression analysis was performed on 154 laboratory-confirmed laboratory-confirmed cases and 308 control cases reported by the Jilin Provincial Outbreak Network in the third quarter of 2013. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of hemorrhagic fever was 2 months prior to the onset of contact with rodents, the length of stay in the field, sitting and lying around trachoma, the history of outbreaks, and the odds ratios were 9.08, 7.18, 3.83, 3.17 , 3.13. The vaccination and washing hands before and after the diet were protective factors, the OR values were 0.06, 0.14 respectively. The efficacy of vaccine protection was 83.48% for 2-dose vaccines and 94.94% for 3-dose vaccines. Conclusions Publicity should be intensified to raise awareness of disease and vaccination rate of the population in an all-round way and gradually change the behavior habits of the population and reduce the risk of the disease.