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首次在国内对兴义维蚋Simulium (Wilhelmia) xingyiense的多线染色体进行研究,并提供其多线染色体标准图。选取兴义维蚋的成熟幼虫,用改良苯酚品红染色法进行唾腺多线染色体制备,并进行测量、描述及分析。结果表明:兴义维蚋多线染色体数目为3对(2n=6)。Ⅰ号染色体具中央着丝粒,Ⅱ和Ⅲ号染色体均为亚中央着丝粒染色体。核仁组织者区位于Ⅰ号染色体短臂近着丝粒端。巴尔比尼氏环和双泡位于Ⅱ号染色体短臂近中央位置。3对染色体的着丝粒区可形成明显的染色中心。兴义维蚋多线染色体具有多态性的倒位,倒位频率为0.64。兴义维蚋多线染色体的着丝粒、核仁组织区、巴氏环、双泡等主要特征性结构的位置及形态恒定一致,可作为该种的重要鉴别特征。其多态性的倒位可为该蚋种在细胞水平上进行蚋类分类鉴别和系统发育等研究提供基础资料。
For the first time in China, the multi-line chromosomes of Simulium (Wilhelmia) xingyiense were studied and their multi-line chromosome standard maps were provided. Mature larvae of Xingyiweilao were selected, and multi-line chromosomes of salivary glands were prepared by modified phenol magenta staining, and were measured, described and analyzed. The results showed that the number of multi-line chromosomes in Xingyi wolfberry was 3 pairs (2n = 6). I chromosome with centromere, II and III chromosomes are sub-centromere chromosomes. The nucleolar organizer region is located near the centromeric end of chromosome I short arm. The Balbine ring and double vacuoles are near the center of the short arm of chromosome number two. The centromeric region of 3 pairs of chromosomes forms a distinct center of staining. Xingyi Victoria 蚋 multi-line chromosome polymorphism with the inversion, the inversion frequency of 0.64. The location and morphology of the major characteristic structures such as centromere, nucleolar organizer region, papillary rings and double vacuoles in the multi-line chromosomes of Xingyi ventralis are consistent and can be used as important distinguishing features of this species. The inversions of its polymorphism can provide the basic data for the research on the taxonomic classification and phylogeny of the species at the cellular level.