安全评价在欧美各国被称为“风险评估”或“风险评价”(risk assessment)。在日本,为了顺应人们的心理,改称为“安全评价”。或许是受日本的影响,我国也多称之为“安全评价”。安全评价是以保障安全为目的,按照科学的程序和方法,从系统的角度出发对工程项目或工业生产中潜在的危险进行预先识别、分析和评估,为制定基础防灾措施和管理决策提供依据。 Security assessment in Europe and the United States is called “risk assessment” or “risk assessment” (risk assessment). In Japan, in order to conform to people’s psychology, renamed the “safety evaluation.” Perhaps influenced by Japan, our country also calls it “safety evaluation.” The safety assessment is based on the objective of ensuring safety. According to scientific procedures and methods, the safety assessment is to identify, analyze and evaluate the potential hazards in the project or industrial production in advance from the systematic point of view, and provide the basis for formulating the basic disaster prevention measures and management decisions .