目的:探究生酮饮食疗法结合抗癫痫治疗对小儿难治性癫痫的临床疗效。方法:抽取2017年4月至2019年9月南阳市中心医院收治的难治性癫痫患儿90例为研究对象，按随机数字表法分为联合组和对照组，每组45例。对照组患儿实施抗癫痫治疗，联合组患儿在对照组基础上加用生酮饮食疗法。比较治疗6个月后两组患儿的治疗有效率。分析治疗前及治疗6个月后两组患儿炎性因子[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)]及BDNF、GADA、GM1-A水平。观察治疗6个月期间两组患儿不良反应发生情况。结果:联合组治疗有效率及癫痫发作频率减少≥50%者均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(n P<0.05)。治疗6个月后，两组IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β水平低于治疗前，且联合组IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β水平低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(n P<0.05)。治疗6个月后，两组患儿BDNF高于治疗前(n P<0.05)，GADA、GM1-A低于治疗前(n P<0.05)，且联合组患儿上述指标与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(n P0.05)。n 结论:生酮饮食疗法结合抗癫痫治疗可降低难治性癫痫患儿炎症反应，改善其神经功能，对神经元兴奋性有良好抑制作用。“,”Objective:To investigate the effects of ketogenic diet therapy combined with antiepileptic therapy on children with intractable epilepsy.Methods:A total of 90 children with intractable epilepsy admitted to Nanyang Central Hospital from April 2017 to September 2019 were included in the study. And they were divided into combined group and control group according to the random number table method, with 45 cases in each group. Children in control group were given antiepileptic therapy, and children in combined group were given ketogenic diet therapy based on the treatment of control group. The effective rate of treatment was compared between the two groups after 6 months of treatment. The levels of inflammatory factors, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), serum glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA) and ganglioside antibody (GM1-A) were analyzed in the two groups before treatment and 6 months after treatment. The occurrence of adverse reactions were observed in the two groups during 6 months of treatment.Results:The effective rate of treatment and decrease of epilepsy attack frequency≥50% in combined group were lower than those in control group (n P<0.05). After 6 months of treatment, the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and the levels in combined group were lower than those in control group (n P<0.05). After 6 months of treatment, the BDNF in the two groups was higher than that before treatment (n P<0.05), while the GADA and GM1-A were lower than those before treatment (n P0.05).n Conclusions:Ketogenic diet therapy combined with antiepileptic therapy can reduce the inflammatory response and improve the neurological function of children with intractable epilepsy, and it has a good inhibitory effect on neuronal excitability.