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钙对正常心肌的主要作用是增加心肌收缩力和自律性。为此,1983年国际心肺复苏协会,心脏病急救中心和美国心脏病协会,曾推荐在心脏停搏,特别是电机械分离和心脏静止时使用氯化钙。晚近,1985年国际心肺复苏委员会和心脏急救中心,又介绍了在心跳停搏时不能使用钙剂。他们认为在心脏停搏时,心肌缺血,缺氧,引起肌膜消化和破裂,从而破坏了肌纤维膜的稳定性。由缺血堆积过剩的Na~+,引起Na+/Ca~(++)交换,Ca~(++)进入细胞内、Na~+排出细胞外,ATP合成受到抑制。钙可以进一步降低心肌内高能磷酸盐储存,甚至导致心律失常。1983年美国心脏协会对正常血清钙浓度的病人(血清钙2.5毫摩尔/升),静脉注射10%氯化钙5毫升后,血清钙可达4毫摩尔/升。他们假设输入钙到具有3000毫升血容量的病人,一次静脉注射10
The main effect of calcium on normal myocardium is to increase myocardial contractility and self-discipline. For this reason, the International Society of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Cardiac Emergency Center and American Heart Association, 1983, recommended the use of calcium chloride during cardiac arrest, particularly electromechanical separation and cardiac arrest. Recently, the International CPR and the Cardiac Emergency Center in 1985 also introduced the inability to use calcium during a cardiac arrest. They think myocardial ischemia, hypoxia during cardioplegia causes digestion and rupture of the sarcolemma, thereby undermining the stability of the muscle fiber membrane. Na + / Ca ~ (++) exchange is caused by excess Na ~ + accumulated in the ischemic area, Ca ~ (++) enters the cell, and Na ~ + is excreted outside the cell and ATP synthesis is inhibited. Calcium can further reduce high-energy phosphate stores in the myocardium and can even lead to arrhythmias. In 1983 the American Heart Association for patients with normal serum calcium concentration (serum calcium 2.5 mmol / l), intravenous injection of 10% calcium chloride 5 ml, the serum calcium up to 4 mmol / l. They hypothesized that they would be given a single intravenous injection of 10 mg of calcium into a patient with 3000 mL of blood volume