为了研究激光熔覆过程中激光熔池的光谱辐射特性,采用光栅光谱检测技术检测镍硅硼合金粉末熔覆过程中熔池光谱,得到不同功率、速度及时间下的光谱分布。结果表明:激光功率900 W时波长550nm处熔池光谱相对强度最高为500,功率增加到1000 W时,光谱相对强度增加为600;激光功率保持不变时,光谱辐射相对强度随扫描速度增加而减小,随熔覆过程时间增加而增加,但在15s后,基本达到稳定状态。激光熔覆过程中熔池光谱波动与熔覆层质量存在一定的关系,试验中发现,功率为900 W,扫描速度2mm/s时,熔覆层质量较好,试样基体变形较小,熔池光谱相对强度波动也较小。 In order to study the spectral radiation characteristics of the laser cladding during laser cladding, the spectrum of the weld pool during the cladding of nickel-silicon-boron alloy powder was detected by grating spectroscopy, and the spectral distribution under different power, velocity and time was obtained. The results show that when the laser power is 900 W, the relative intensity of the molten pool at the wavelength of 550 nm is up to 500, and the relative intensity of the molten pool increases to 600 when the power is increased to 1000 W. When the laser power remains constant, the relative intensity of the spectral radiation increases with the scanning speed Decreases, increases with the increase of the time of the cladding process, but basically reaches a steady state after 15s. There is a certain relationship between the spectral fluctuation of the molten pool and the quality of the cladding during the laser cladding. The experiment shows that when the power is 900 W and the scanning speed is 2 mm / s, the quality of the cladding is better, the deformation of the sample is smaller, The relative intensity of the pool spectrum fluctuates less.