本文利用序贯公共品实验研究社会距离影响群体合作行为的效应及途径。实验研究结果发现,群体合作水平在合伙人情境中显著高于陌生人情境。不同社会距离使个体互惠预期在陌生人情境中显著低于合伙人情境,并形成明显不同的互惠预期直接和间接自愿供给效应。实验结果也识别出合伙人情境中影响先行动者公共决策的两个行为因素:前期合作方决策信息及自身同样角色经历。研究结果对于后续理论研究与加强和创新社会治理具有启示意义。 In this paper, we use sequential public goods experiments to study the effects and ways of social distance affecting group cooperative behavior. The experimental results show that the level of group cooperation is significantly higher in the partner context than in the stranger context. Different societal distances make individual reciprocity expectation significantly lower than that of partners in strangers’ situations and form obviously different direct and indirect voluntary supply effects of mutual expectation. The experimental results also identify two behavioral factors that affect the public decision-making of the first-mover in the partner’s situation: the information of the previous-party partner in decision-making and their own experience of the same role. The results of the study have implications for the follow-up theoretical research and for strengthening and innovating social governance.