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目的检验Rosenberg自尊量表的信度、效度,探讨自尊与农村自杀死亡之间的关系。方法采用配对病例对照研究。在山东省疾病监测点上选取2008年9月1日～2009年8月31日3个县(市)25个乡镇的自杀死亡病例作为自杀死亡组,正常对照组按照性别、年龄(相差3岁以内)、当地居住者1∶1配比选取,共获得200对自杀死亡病例和正常对照的资料。结果自杀死亡组中自尊量表的Cronbach’sα系数为0.880,正常对照组Cronbach’sα系数为0.875,两组中每一条目去除后的α系数波动幅度较小。两组自尊量表评分与特质焦虑量表总分相关系数分别为-0.509、-0.564(P<0.01);主成分分析显示,两组数据各提取2个公因子,分别解释总变异的61.700%和63.802%。两组在自尊评分上存在统计学差异(t=17.525,P<0.01),自尊与自杀的OR值为0.880(95%CI=0.818～0.947)。结论自尊量表具有较高的信度、效度,适应于农村自杀死亡研究;自尊是农村自杀死亡的保护因素。
Objective To test the reliability and validity of Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale and explore the relationship between self-esteem and death in rural areas. Methods Paired case-control study. The suicide and death cases in 25 townships of 3 counties (cities) from September 1, 2008 to August 31, 2009 were selected as the suicide death group in the disease surveillance sites of Shandong Province. The normal control group was divided into three groups according to sex, age ), Local residents 1: 1 ratio selected, a total of 200 pairs of suicide deaths and normal control data. Results The Cronbach’sα coefficient of self-esteem scale was 0.880 in suicide death group and 0.875 in normal control group. The α coefficient of each item in the two groups was less fluctuated. The correlation coefficient of total self-esteem scale and trait anxiety scale was -0.509, -0.564, respectively (P <0.01). The principal component analysis showed that two common factors were extracted from each of the two groups, accounting for 61.700% And 63.802%. There was a significant difference in self-esteem scores between the two groups (t = 17.525, P <0.01). The OR of self-esteem and suicide was 0.880 (95% CI = 0.818-0.947). Conclusion Self-esteem scale has high reliability and validity, which is suitable for the study of suicide death in rural areas. Self-esteem is the protective factor of suicide death in rural areas.