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目的:探讨运动和低氧影响骨骼肌生长的分子调控机制。方法:SD大鼠分为6组:1)28 d组,包括对照组、常氧运动组、低氧暴露组、高住低训组;2)复氧7 d组,包括低氧暴露复氧7 d组、高住低训复氧7 d组,每组6只。常氧运动组进行4周的跑台运动。低氧暴露组白天与对照组在常氧下生活,晚上在氧浓度13.6%低氧舱内低氧暴露12 h;复氧7 d组进行低氧暴露后复氧7 d。高住低训组每天运动后1 h进行低氧暴露。实验后取腓肠肌称重,采用western blot测定mTOR蛋白表达。结果:1)28 d常氧运动后骨骼肌mTOR蛋白表达明显上降(p<0.05);2)28 d高住低训后骨骼肌mTOR蛋白表达明显下降(p<0.05),复氧7 d后显著回升(p<0.05)。结论:运动和低氧调节骨骼肌mTOR蛋白表达,提示高住低训抑制骨骼肌生长可能与运动、低氧调控骨骼肌mTOR信号并影响蛋白翻译过程有关。
Objective: To investigate the molecular mechanism of exercise and hypoxia affecting skeletal muscle growth. Methods: SD rats were divided into 6 groups: 1) 28 d group, including control group, normoxia exercise group, hypoxia exposure group and high-living-low training group; 2) reoxygenation 7 d group, 7 d group, high-altitude low-training reoxygenation 7 d group, 6 rats in each group. Aerobic exercise group for 4 weeks treadmill exercise. The hypoxia exposure group was exposed to normoxia in the daytime and oxygen exposure in the hypoxia chamber was13.6% in the hypoxia group for12hours, while in the hypoxia exposure group for7days after hypoxia exposure. High-Altitude and Low-Altitude Training group were exposed to hypoxia 1 h after exercise every day. The gastrocnemius muscle was weighed after the experiment and the expression of mTOR protein was measured by western blot. Results: 1) After 28 days of normoxia, the expression of mTOR protein in skeletal muscle was significantly decreased (p <0.05); 2) The expression of mTOR protein in skeletal muscle was significantly decreased After a significant rebound (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: Exercise and hypoxia regulate the expression of mTOR protein in skeletal muscle, which suggests that high and low abortion-inhibiting skeletal muscle growth may be related to exercise and hypoxia regulating mTOR signaling in skeletal muscle and affecting protein translation.