《变形记》(Die Verwandlung)作于1912年,出版于1915年,是弗朗兹·卡夫卡(Franz Kafka,1883—1924)生前发表的为数不多的重要作品之一。国外评论家经常提到这篇作品,有从宗教的“原罪”角度来论的,有从弗洛依德“父亲—上帝”的概念来看的,说法不一,但在认为它重要这一点上都是一致的。我们也认为它是二十世纪西方资产阶级文学中一篇颇为重要的作品。它之所以重要,是因为它尖锐地接触到现代资本主义社会若干带本质性的问题。主要的是表现了以下几个方面: Die Verwandlung, published in 1915 in 1912, is one of the few important works published in his lifetime by Franz Kafka (1883-1924). Foreign critics often mentioned this work in terms of “original sin” of religion and different opinions from the concept of Freud “father-god.” However, It is important at this point are the same. We also consider it a rather important piece of Western bourgeois literature in the twentieth century. It is important because it is sharply exposed to a number of essential issues in modern capitalist society. The main is the performance of the following aspects: