计划与市场的关系问题,是一个国际性的课题。近百年来,东西方各国经济学界一直争论不休,各国的实践也在不停地探索。虽然至今尚未取得共识,但是这些国家为寻求计划与市场相结合的满意答案所作出的各种努力,包括其理论与实践,对于我国目前进行计划与市场关系问题的探讨,仍不乏原则性的指导意义和方法论的启示。本文拟从两条线索介绍国外的情况:一是西方经济计划理论的形成与发展;另一条是社会主义国家关于计划与市场相结合的各种理论探索。西方经济计划理论的形成与发展 The relationship between the plan and the market is an international issue. In the past century, the economic circles in various countries in the East and the West have been debated endlessly, and the practice of various countries is also constantly exploring. Although no consensus so far has been reached, the various efforts made by these countries in seeking satisfactory answers to the plan-to-market combination, including their theories and practices, are still lacking in principle to guide the current plan and market relations in our country Significance and methodology of enlightenment. This article intends to introduce the foreign situation from two clues: one is the formation and development of the theory of western economic planning; the other is the various theoretical exploration of the combination of planning and market in the socialist countries. The Formation and Development of Western Economic Planning Theories