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在现代语境下,社会正义的主题是平等。平等的基础是什么自然成为理论反思的对象。罗尔斯在不同的理论时期对平等的基础做出过不同的理论证明。在前期,平等的基础在于道德人格和隐含的自然权利观念,在晚期,平等则依赖于政治文化传统。三种不同的理论证明使得罗尔斯的理论出现相当程度的张力。
In the modern context, the theme of social justice is equality. What is the basis of equality naturally becomes the object of theoretical reflection. Rawls made different theoretical proofs on the basis of equality in different theoretical periods. In the early stage, equality was based on the concepts of moral personality and implied natural rights. In the late stage, equality depended on political and cultural traditions. Three different theoretical proofs made Rawls’s theory a considerable degree of tension.