为了解包头市学龄前儿童膳食铁营养状况与缺铁性贫血的关系,我们运用血液学分析法和称重法,对本市329名在托学龄前儿童进行了贫血普查和膳食调查。结果:贫血及缺铁性贫血的检出率分别为30.1％和26.7%;88.9％的贫血儿为缺铁性贫血;93.9％的贫血儿为轻度贫血。52.3％的儿童4小时负荷尿中维生素C排出不足。儿童食物结构以植物性食物为主,膳食铁摄入量达供给量的150.0％,但其中97.1％为不易吸收的非血红素铁。食物结构不合理和烹调方法不当,致膳食铁利用率低下,是儿童产生缺铁性贫血的主要原因。 To understand the relationship between dietary iron status and iron deficiency anemia among preschool children in Baotou, we conducted a survey and dietary survey on anemia in 329 preschool-aged children in our city using hematology analysis and weighing method. Results: The detection rates of anemia and iron deficiency anemia were 30.1% and 26.7% respectively; 88.9% of anemic children were iron deficiency anemia; 93.9% of children with anemia were mild anemia. 52.3% of children 4 hours of urinary excretion of vitamin C is insufficient. The dietary composition of children mainly consisted of plant foods with a dietary iron intake of 150.0% of the supply, but 97.1% of them were non-absorbable non-heme iron. Irrational food structure and improper cooking methods, resulting in low utilization of dietary iron, is the main cause of iron deficiency anemia in children.