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采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)对锂皂石进行有机改性,制备有机改性锂皂石(Hectorite),并通过熔融共混的方法制备了高性能、低吸水率的尼龙6(PA6)/有机化锂皂石纳米复合材料.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、能谱仪(EDS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析(TGA)对改性前后的锂皂石进行了分析,结果表明有机改性后的锂皂石结构变疏松,层间距变大,其层间距由改性前的1.33 nm增加到1.76 nm,元素分析和热重分析计算锂皂石有机物的接枝量分别为0.78和0.73 mequiv/g,接枝效率分别为71.04%和66.62%,两种分析结果基本一致.采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、力学性能测试研究了有机化锂皂石的用量对复合材料结晶性能、锂皂石在基体中分散性及力学性能的影响,结果表明锂皂石在PA6中没有起到成核剂的作用,复合材料的结晶度随有机锂皂石用量的增大而逐渐减小,且当锂皂石的含量为5 phr时,锂皂石主要以剥离形式分散在基体中,此时复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均达最大值,分别为81.6 MPa和122.1 MPa,较纯PA6分别增加了25.54%和23.50%,此外,锂皂石明显降低了PA6的吸水率.
The laponite was modified by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to prepare organically modified hectorite. The high performance, low water absorption Nylon 6 (PA6) / organo-saponite nanocomposites were synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) The results show that the organic modified laponite structure becomes loose and the interlayer spacing increases. The interlayer spacing increases from 1.33 nm to 1.76 nm before the modification, and the elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis The grafting amounts were 0.78 and 0.73 mequiv / g, respectively, and the grafting efficiencies were 71.04% and 66.62%, respectively.The results of the two methods were basically the same.The results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), mechanical properties The effects of the amount of organo-hectorite on the crystallinity, the dispersibility and the mechanical properties of hectorite in the matrix were investigated. The results showed that hectorite did not play a nucleating agent role in PA6. The degree of crystallinity decreases with increasing amount of the organo-saponite, and when laponite is used When the amount of laponite is 5 phr, the laponite is mainly dispersed in the matrix in the form of exfoliation. The tensile strength and flexural strength of the laminates reach the maximum at 81.6 MPa and 122.1 MPa, respectively, which increase by 25.54% And 23.50% respectively. In addition, hectorite significantly reduced the water absorption of PA6.