职业暴露是指医务人员从事诊疗、护理等工作过程中意外被病毒感染或病人的血液、体液污染了皮肤、粘膜或被含有病毒的血液、体液污染了的针头及其他锐器刺破皮肤有可能被病毒感染的情况。目前最为常见的暴露源就是艾滋病(HIV)、丙肝病毒(HCV)、乙肝病毒(HBV)。口腔科室患者较多、流动性较大,治疗时医生、护士与患者接触距离较近,患者的血液、唾液容易与医护人员直接接触,从而导致感染率增加。 Occupational exposure is the medical staff engaged in the diagnosis and treatment, care and other work during the accidental infection by the virus or the patient’s blood, body fluid contaminated the skin, mucous membranes or by the virus-containing blood, body fluids contaminated needles and other sharp skin piercing possible Infected by the virus. The most common sources of exposure today are AIDS, hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus. There are more patients in the dental department and more mobility. During the treatment, doctors and nurses are in close contact with the patients. The blood and saliva of the patients are likely to be in direct contact with medical staff, resulting in an increased infection rate.