1.导言 预设是语义和语用研究的基本课题。由于语法事实上不能独立于语义或语用,所以预设事实上也同语法研究有关。预设也有译为“前提”、“先设”的。 对预设的研究有广义、狭义两个角度。现在国内外有关预设的研究曾提出过诸如事实预设、可能预设、实际预设、所指预设、词汇预设、语用预设、语境预设等,最终都可以归结为广义、狭义这两个不同的角度。从广义上研究预设,是将预设看成是交际双方预先设定 1. Introduction Presupposition is the basic subject of semantic and pragmatic research. Since grammar can not in fact be semantically or pragmatically independent, presuppositions are in fact also related to grammar research. Presets have also been translated as “prerequisite”, “first set.” The research on presupposition has a broad sense and narrow sense. At present, researches on the presupposition at home and abroad have put forward such as the factual presupposition, the possible presupposition, the actual preconclusion, the presupposition, the presupposition of the vocabulary, the pragmatic presupposition, the context presupposition and so on, Narrow sense of these two different angles. In a broad sense, research presupposes that presupposition is presupposed by both parties in communication