“哥伦比亚号”航天飞机的失事,再次引起人们对航天飞机应急救生的关注。航天飞机的应急救生有二种含义,一是航天飞机在各个飞行阶段出现致命性故障,能使航天员及时得到救护或迅速离开航天飞机和危险区,二是救护全过程的方式方法。引起航天飞机故障的原因有以下几种:火箭推进系统及航天飞机本身的损伤:环境因素影响,如自然环境中的高低温、暴风雪、太空辐射、空间碎片的冲撞,飞行动力环境中的超 “Columbia ” space shuttle crash, once again caused the concern of the space shuttle emergency rescue. Space shuttle emergency rescue has two meanings, first, the shuttle in each flight stage fatal failure, enabling the astronauts to get help or promptly left the space shuttle and danger zone, the second is the way to rescue the whole process. There are several reasons that cause a space shuttle failure: rocket propulsion system and the damage of the space shuttle itself: environmental factors such as high and low temperature in the natural environment, snow storm, space radiation, collision of space debris,