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《威尼斯商人》是一出喜剧,但也是莎士比亚的喜剧中最富悲剧性的。剧中的反面人物犹太商人夏洛克一般被认为是贪婪、狡诈、吝啬和残酷的综合体。然而从犹太人历史、西方人学史及大社会背景来看,夏洛克只是种族歧视和宗教迫害的牺牲品,他身上所承载的不仅是个人的悲剧,还是民族和人性的悲剧,在当时乃至现在都具有极高的悲剧代表性。本文从犹太人历史和西方人学史角度试分析其悲剧代表性。
The Merchant of Venice is a comedy, but it’s also the most tragic of Shakespeare’s comedy. Shock, a Jewish merchant in the play, is generally considered a combination of greed, cunning, miserliness and brutality. However, judging from the Jewish history, the history of western scholars and the background of large societies, Sherlock is only the victim of racial discrimination and religious persecution. He is not only an individual tragedy but also a tragedy of nationality and humanity. Has a high tragic representation. This article analyzes the tragedy representation from the perspectives of Jewish history and Westerners’ history.