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随着养殖规模的扩大和繁育水平的提高,大鲵产业的发展需要对其营养与饲料进行深入的研究与开发。但关于大鲵特别是其幼体阶段的各项营养元素需求及消化和利用营养物的情况目前研究不足。已有文献主要集中在定性与定量测定大鲵组织的营养元素(氨基酸、脂肪酸和微量元素等)种类和比例。但对于大鲵需求氨基酸的种类及需求量特别是氨基酸间的平衡性,各种脂肪酸的需求量及适宜比例,维生素及矿物质的营养作用等目前尚无报道。当前大鲵幼体期的营养来源主要依赖于活饵料,饲料系数约为7,占养殖总成本75%以上。鲜活饵料的较高价格、自然因素的影响、供应量的波动及活饵料营养价值的变化给大鲵幼鱼的养殖带来了极大的不便和潜在风险。系统研究大鲵各阶段的营养需求并研制全价人工饲料,以保证大鲵不同生长发育期营养供给的全面性、稳定性和经济性并维护养殖环境及生态系统的健康,是当前产业发展迫切需要解决的关键问题。
With the expansion of breeding scale and the improvement of breeding level, the development of the industry needs the further research and development of its nutrition and feed. However, there is currently insufficient research on the nutrient requirements and the digestion and utilization of nutrients in the catfish, especially in the larval stage. The existing literature mainly focuses on qualitative and quantitative determination of the types and proportions of nutrients (amino acids, fatty acids and trace elements, etc.) However, there are no reports on the types and requirements of amino acids required by the giant salamander, especially the balance among amino acids, the demand and the appropriate proportion of various fatty acids, and the nutritional effects of vitamins and minerals. At present, the nutrition source of larvae in larvae mainly relies on live feed, and the feed coefficient is about 7, accounting for more than 75% of the total cost of aquaculture. The higher price of fresh feed, the influence of natural factors, the fluctuation of supply and the change of nutritive value of live feed have brought great inconvenience and potential risk to the juveniles of Juvenile Bunting. To systematically study the nutritional requirements in various stages of development and to develop full-price artificial feed to ensure the comprehensiveness, stability and economy of nutrition supply in different growth stages and to safeguard the health of farming environment and ecosystem is an urgent need to be addressed in the current industrial development The key issue.