大劣按蚊(Anopheles dirus 1936)是东南亚丛林地区的重要传疟媒介。1954年在海南岛兴隆首次发现大劣按蚊的子孢子自然感染。1954～1957年在海南岛解剖该蚊1,437只,自然感染为2.2～6.2％。证实该蚊是海南岛丛林地区的重要传疟媒介。50年代以来,在海南岛使用杀虫剂防制大劣按蚊进行了许多试验观察,现将主要结果摘要报告如下。 Anopheles dirus (Anopheles dirus 1936) is an important malaria vector in the jungle region of Southeast Asia. In 1954 Xinglong, Hainan Island, was found for the first time anopheles sinensis natural infection of sporozoites. From 1954 to 1957, 1,437 mosquitoes were dissected in Hainan Island. The natural infection ranged from 2.2 to 6.2%. Confirmed that the mosquito is an important malaria vector in the jungle area of ​​Hainan Island. Since the 1950s, there have been many experimental observations on the use of insecticides against Anopheles dirus in Hainan Island. A summary of the major findings is reported below.