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运用院校数、毕业生数、在校学生数、师生比、生均经费等五个指标,对高职教育的区域差异进行实证研究。研究发现:(1)泰尔系数测算及其分解表明,以相对指标衡量的高职教育资源区域差异高于以总量指标衡量的区域差异;区域内差距是造成总体差距的主要来源。(2)探索性空间数据分析表明,以总量指标考量的高职教育资源存在显著的空间集聚现象,如果考虑人口因素,则相对指标并不存在显著的空间集聚。(3)Kernel密度估计显示,高职教育取得显著的发展,并趋于稳定状态。从生均教育经费看,各省差距呈现扩大的态势。从万人在校生数量看,各省差距呈现缩小的态势。
Using the five indicators of the number of colleges and universities, the number of graduates, the number of students in school, the ratio of teachers and students, and the per student per student, empirical research is conducted on the regional differences in higher vocational education. The results show that: (1) The calculation and decomposition of the Theil coefficient show that the regional differences of higher vocational education resources measured by relative indicators are higher than the regional differences measured by the total indicators; and the intra-regional disparity is the main source of the overall disparity. (2) Exploratory spatial data analysis shows that there is a significant spatial agglomeration of higher vocational education resources in terms of total indicators, and there is no significant spatial agglomeration of relative indicators if demographic factors are taken into account. (3) Kernel density estimation shows that vocational education has made significant progress and tends to be stable. From the per student education funding, the gap between provinces showed an expanding trend. From the number of students in school, the gap between provinces shows a trend of narrowing.