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通过问卷调查研究了住宅环境中病态建筑综合征(sick Building syndrome,SBS)患病率和相关的危险因素.在2010年12月到2011年4月期间,课题组通过对重庆市的幼儿园进行随机抽样,一共有5299名3~6岁儿童的父亲或母亲回答并返回了调查问卷.儿童家长的SBS患病率(每周出现SBS的百分比)如下:一般性症状为11.4%;黏膜性症状为7.1%;皮肤性症状为4.4%.应用多元逻辑回归(通过控制家长的性别和哮喘/过敏性鼻炎/湿疹的影响)方法的分析结果表明:住宅靠近交通干线或高速公路是一般性症状、黏膜性症状和皮肤性症状的强烈危险因素(调整比值比aOR分别为:aOR=2.16,P<0.001;aOR=2.69,P<0.001;aOR=1.63,P<0.01);装修是一般性症状、黏膜性症状和皮肤性症状的危险因素(aOR分别为:aOR=2.00,P<0.001;aOR=1.66,P<0.01;aOR=1.66,P<0.05);新家具是一般性症状和皮肤性症状的危险因素(aOR分别为:aOR=2.16,P<0.001;aOR=1.67,P<0.01).潮湿问题(霉点、湿点、水损和窗户凝水)、报告出现蟑螂、老鼠、蚊子/苍蝇及使用熏香均是SBS的危险因素.保护性因素包括每天清洁儿童的卧室和经常晾晒被褥.本研究表明成年人的病态建筑综合征与住宅环境相关.
The prevalence and related risk factors of sick building syndrome (SBS) in residential environment were studied by questionnaire.Using the randomized kindergarten in Chongqing from December 2010 to April 2011, Sampled and a total of 5,299 parents or mothers of 3 to 6 years old children answered and returned the questionnaire.The SBS prevalence (percentage of weekly SBS) for the children’s parents was as follows: 11.4% for the general symptoms and mucosal symptoms 7.1%; Dermatologic symptoms were 4.4%. Analysis using multivariate logistic regression (controlled by parental gender and the effects of asthma / allergic rhinitis / eczema) showed that residential proximity to the main arterial route or highway is a general symptom of mucosal (OR = 2.16, P <0.001; aOR = 2.69, P <0.001; aOR = 1.63, P <0.01). The decoration was a general symptom of mucosa AOR = 2.00, P <0.001; aOR = 1.66, P <0.01; aOR = 1.66, P <0.05). The new furniture is a general symptom and dermatological symptom Risk factors (aOR = 2.16, P <0.001; aOR = 1.67, P <0.01) (Moldy spots, wet spots, water damage and window condensation), reports of cockroaches, mice, mosquitoes / flies and the use of incense are risk factors for SBS Protective factors include daily cleaning of children’s bedrooms and regular drying of bedding. This study shows that the morbid building syndrome in adults is related to the residential environment.