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目的调查江苏省人群中眩晕的分布情况及相关因素,为制订防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用按容量比例概率抽样(PPS)方法,在江苏省常住人口中抽样,对其中≥10岁的6854人进行眩晕问卷调查、纯音测听和耳科检查。结果本研究实际接受调查6333人,应答率92.4%,男3035人(47.9%),女3298人(52.1%),年龄10～93岁。被调查人群中眩晕的总体患病率为4.1%(标化患病率:全国3.4%,江苏3.6%),眩晕患病率随年龄增加呈上升趋势(P=0.000)。女性眩晕患病率(5.3%)高于男性(2.8%)(P=0.000),城乡之间差异无显著性(农村4.3%,城镇3.8%,P=0.459)。听力减退、中耳炎病史、噪声暴露史是眩晕的危险因素,OR值分别为2.186、2.135、1.609。结论眩晕在江苏省人群中较为常见,其发生与多种因素有关,必须加强这些方面的防治研究。
Objective To investigate the distribution of vertigo in the population of Jiangsu Province and related factors so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods According to the method of PPS, samples were taken from the resident population in Jiangsu Province. Vertigo questionnaire, pure tone audiometry and otology examination were performed on 6,854 people aged ≥10 years. Results The study actually surveyed 6333 people, the response rate was 92.4%, male 3035 (47.9%), female 3298 (52.1%), aged 10 to 93 years old. The overall prevalence of vertigo in the surveyed population was 4.1% (standardized prevalence: 3.4% in the country and 3.6% in Jiangsu). The prevalence of vertigo increased with age (P = 0.000). The prevalence rate of female vertigo was 5.3% higher than that of male (2.8%) (P = 0.000). There was no significant difference between urban and rural areas (4.3% in rural areas, 3.8% in urban areas, P = 0.459). Hearing loss, history of otitis media, and noise exposure were risk factors of vertigo. The OR values were 2.186, 2.355 and 1.691 respectively. Conclusion Vertigo is more common in the population of Jiangsu Province. The occurrence of vertigo is related to many factors, and prevention and treatment of these aspects must be strengthened.