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目的了解2010-2013年广州市流动人口活动性肺结核患者的流行病学特征,为制定流动人口结核病防治策略提供依据。方法对2010-2013年广州市结核病管理信息系统监测资料进行统计描述,采用卡方检验对率的比较进行分析,检验水准为0.05。结果 2010-2013年共登记了流动人口肺结核患者20 784人,涂阴肺结核患者的比例(59.17%)高于涂阳患者的比例(40.83%);男性肺结核患者13 928人,占67.01%,女性6 856人,占32.99%。从总体上看,3,4,5月份患者所占的比例(分别为10.15%,9.94%,9.84%)高于其他月份;病人主要集中在白云,番禺,花都,越秀,海珠这五个区,所占比例分别为18.23%,12.06%,14.29%,11.68%,11.20%;年龄分布均集中在15~44岁之间(22.73%~32.94%),其中,25~34岁所占的比例最多(占32.94%);职业分布排在前四位的是自由职业者(占26.09%),家务及待业者(占19.11%),民工(占17.79%),工人(占16.79)。结论广州市流动人口肺结核患者男性为多,自由职业者是今后结核病防治重点人群;3-5月是流动人口结核病防控工作的重点时段。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of active pulmonary tuberculosis among floating population in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2013 and provide evidence for the development of prevention and control strategies for floating population in tuberculosis. Methods The surveillance data of tuberculosis management information system in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2013 were statistically analyzed, and the comparison of rates was conducted by chi-square test. The test level was 0.05. Results A total of 20 784 migrant TB patients were registered in 2010-2013. The proportion of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients (59.17%) was higher than that of smear positive patients (40.83%), 13 928 (67.01%) were male TB patients, 6,856 people, accounting for 32.99%. Overall, the proportions of patients in March, April and May were 10.15%, 9.94% and 9.84% respectively, higher than those in other months. The patients were mainly concentrated in Baiyun, Panyu, Huadu, Yuexiu and Haizhu (Accounting for 18.23%, 12.06%, 14.29%, 11.68% and 11.20% respectively). The distribution of age was mainly between 15 and 44 years old (22.73% to 32.94%), of which 25 to 34 (Accounting for 32.94%); the top four occupations were freelancers (26.09%), domestic workers and unemployed (19.11%), migrant workers (17.79%) and workers (16.79%). Conclusions There are many male patients with TB in floating population in Guangzhou. Freelance workers are the key population in the prevention and treatment of TB in the future. From March to May, it is the key period to prevent and control TB in floating population.