目的分析自然杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体(killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor,KIR)基因与白血病的关联性。方法采用序列特异性引物PCR法(PCR-SSP)对46例白血病患者和46例健康人行KIR基因低分辨率检测,统计不同KIR基因在2种人群中的表现频率,并进行比较。结果健康人群和白血病患者中,2DL4、3DL2、3DL3、2DP1基因的表现频率均为100%,存在于所有个体,除2DL2与2DS2以外其余的KIR基因表现频率都相似;健康人群2DL2与2DS2的表现频率均为47.8%,白血病患者2DL2与2DS2的表现频率均为89.1%,明显高于健康人群(P<0.01),其余基因表现频率无显著性差异。结论2DL2、2DS2基因频率升高可能与白血病发生相关。 Objective To analyze the association between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene and leukemia. Methods PCR-SSP was used to detect KIR gene in 46 patients with leukemia and 46 healthy controls. The frequencies of different KIR genes in two kinds of people were calculated and compared. Results The frequencies of 2DL4,3DL2,3DL3 and 2DP1 genes were all 100% in healthy subjects and leukemia patients, which were present in all individuals except for 2DL2 and 2DS2. The frequencies of other KIR genes were similar in both healthy subjects and leukemia patients. The expression of 2DL2 and 2DS2 in healthy subjects The frequencies of 2DL2 and 2DS2 in leukemia patients were all 89.1%, which were significantly higher than those in healthy people (P <0.01). The frequency of other genes showed no significant difference. Conclusion The increased frequency of 2DL2 and 2DS2 genes may be related to leukemia.