公正地讲,在辛亥革命前后,集晚清最后之精华的北洋军阀集团,代表了清政府洋务运动以来最先进的部分,在实力上远远超越其他任何挑战者。男一方面,与晚清政府千丝万缕的关系,也使得他们在继承政权上有不少先天优势,比如现成的政治军事架构,大批可供驱使的官僚,等等。从这个意义上来说,北洋军阀集团的统治,本身就是清王朝最后一点“优良资产”的延续。但在另一方面,北洋军阀也有着自己的困难,虽然他们继承了许多来自 To be fair, before and after the 1911 Revolution, the Northern Warlord Group, which gathered the essence of the late Qing dynasty, represented the most advanced part of the Qing government’s Westernization Movement and far surpassed the strength of any other challenger. On the one hand, men’s inextricable ties with the government in the late Qing dynasty also gave them many inherent advantages in the succession regime, such as the ready-made political and military structures, the large number of bureaucrats that can be driven by them, and so on. In this sense, the rule of the Northern Warlord Group itself is a continuation of the last point of the Qing dynasty “good assets.” But on the other hand, the Beiyang warlords also had their own difficulties, although they inherited many from