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目的了解浙江省县级及以下政府机关无烟环境建设情况及公务员吸烟情况,探讨控烟相关策略和措施。方法通过多阶段分层随机抽样方法,在浙江省抽取4个市,每个市抽1个县(市、区),再分别抽取县政府、乡镇政府、街道办事处各1家,共12家。采用问卷调查、知情人访谈、现场观察相结合的方法进行调查。结果共调查12家政府机关405名公务员。12家政府机关办公场所控烟环境整体较好,公务员现在吸烟率为17.78%,不同调查地区的公务员吸烟率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性(26.62%)、年龄≥50岁(40.74%)、离婚或丧偶(40.00%)、中专以下文化程度(33.33%)、处级及以上干部(57.14%)、工作年限≥20年(28.81%)、家庭任何地方均能吸烟(50.00%)及单位内某些区域能吸烟(22.95%)者的吸烟率相对较高。吸烟者烟草危害相关知识知晓率、对MPOWER控烟策略和对公共场所(除餐厅外)禁烟规定的赞成率均低于不吸烟者(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,30岁~(OR=9.87,95%CI:1.45~67.29)、50岁~(OR=10.26,95%CI:1.06~99.17)、在家庭任何地方均能吸烟(OR=12.28,95%CI:2.95~51.18)及家庭某些区域能吸烟(OR=6.57,95%CI:3.07~14.08)是公务员吸烟的危险因素。结论浙江省县级及以下政府机关控烟环境较好,吸烟率有所下降,但调查的公务员烟草相关知识知晓水平相对不足,应加强机关公务员重点人群控烟知识宣传,推进无烟政府创建活动。
Objective To understand the construction of smoke-free environment at county level and below in Zhejiang Province and the smoking of civil servants, and to explore the strategies and measures for tobacco control. Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to extract 4 cities in Zhejiang Province, each city pumping 1 counties (cities, districts), and then draw one each from the county government, township government and sub-district offices, a total of 12 . Surveys were conducted by means of a combination of questionnaires, insider interviews and on-site observation. Results A total of 405 civil servants in 12 government agencies were investigated. The overall smoking control environment in 12 government agencies was good. The current smoking rate of civil servants was 17.78%. There was significant difference in the smoking prevalence among civil servants in different survey areas (P <0.05). Male (26.62%), age ≥50 years old (40.74%), divorced or widowed (40.00%), education below secondary technical level (33.33%), cadres at the rank and above (57.14%), working years ≥ 20 years %), Smoking in any part of the household (50.00%) and smoking in some areas within the unit (22.95%) are relatively high. The rates of tobacco-related knowledge among smokers were lower than those of non-smokers (P <0.05). The rate of approval of MPOWER’s smoking control policy and the prohibition of smoking banning in public places (except for restaurants) were lower than those of non-smokers. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that patients aged 30 to older (OR = 9.87, 95% CI: 1.45 to 67.29) and 50 years old (OR = 10.26, 95% CI: 1.06 to 99.17) were able to smoke anywhere in the country OR = 12.28, 95% CI: 2.95 ~ 51.18) and smoking in some areas of the family (OR = 6.57, 95% CI: 3.07-14.08) were the risk factors of smoking in civil servants. Conclusions Zhejiang Province has better control environment and lower smoking rate than the government agencies at or below the county level. However, the level of public awareness of tobacco-related knowledge of civil servants investigated is relatively insufficient. Publicity of tobacco control knowledge among key civil servants should be strengthened to promote the creation of smoke-free government.