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为制备均一直径和高长径比的纳米纤丝化α-纤维素(NFC),采用化学预处理和高频超声相结合的方法对落叶松木材进行脱除半纤维素、木质素以及纤丝化处理。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱(FTIR)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对制备的NFC的形态特征、化学结构、晶型结构及结晶度进行表征。结果表明,制备的NFC具有均一直径(约35nm)和高长径比(>280);NFC的晶型结构为纤维素I型,结晶度为62.8%,比原料提高了14.2%;并利用NFC水分散液经冷冻干燥制备成了超透明的NFC薄膜和柔性的超轻泡沫材料。文中提供了一种新的制备纳米纤化天然生物质纤维素的有效方法,且具有高结晶度、高长径比和纳米尺寸的NFC是一种具有较大应用潜力的新型纳米材料。
In order to prepare nanofibrillated α-cellulose (NFC) with uniform diameter and high aspect ratio, larch wood was treated with chemical pretreatment and high-frequency ultrasound to remove hemicellulose, lignin and fibrils Processing. The morphology, chemical structure, crystal structure and crystallinity of prepared NFC were characterized by SEM, FTIR and XRD. The results show that the prepared NFC has a uniform diameter (about 35nm) and a high aspect ratio (> 280). The crystalline structure of NFC is cellulose I with a crystallinity of 62.8%, which is 14.2% higher than that of the starting material. The aqueous dispersion was freeze-dried to produce ultra-transparent NFC film and flexible ultra-light foam. In this paper, we present a new method to prepare nanofibrils of natural biomass cellulose, and NFC with high crystallinity, high aspect ratio and nanometer size is a new type of nanomaterial with great potential for application.