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在砂型铸造中,共晶型铝合金铸件易形成集中缩孔,而非共晶铝合金铸件则易产生缩松缺陷。前者通常可以通过冒口和冷铁的配合使用来消除,但是后者若也采用这种方法来消除就相当困难。缩松对铸件的机械性能影响很大,厚断面的铝合金铸件很容易产生缩松缺陷,成批铸件因此而报废。我厂通过一段时间的试验生产,找到了一个解决厚断面铝合金铸件缩松缺陷的办法,即:在浇注厚断面铝合金铸件时,炉料中配入1.2～1.5％钛铁,可彻底消除缩松缺陷,铸件成品率稳定在95％以上。
In sand casting, eutectic aluminum alloy castings tend to form concentrated shrinkage cavities, while non-eutectic aluminum alloy castings are prone to shrinkage defects. The former can usually be eliminated by the combination of riser and chill iron, but it is quite difficult for the latter to be eliminated by this method. The shrinkage has a great influence on the mechanical properties of the castings. Aluminum castings with thick sections are prone to shrinkage defects and batch castings are therefore scrapped. After a period of trial production, our factory found a way to solve the problem of shrinkage defects in thick-section aluminum alloy castings. When casting thick-section aluminum alloy castings, 1.2-1.5% titanium iron was charged in the charge, which can be completely eliminated Loose defects, the casting yield stable at 95%.