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采用单模光纤后向瑞利散射的一维脉冲响应模型,数值模拟了相位光时域反射计(OTDR)中80m探测光纤对1550nm波长的纳秒激光脉冲的瑞利散射波形特性。模拟给出了影响波形的各种物理参数(折射率、激光频率和脉宽等)变化时的相应瑞利散射波形,理论分析得到了这些参数影响瑞利散射波形变化规律:随着光纤折射率逐渐增大,第一峰漂移量增大,瑞利散射波形峰密度逐渐减小;随着激光频率的增大,第一峰漂移量周期性振荡衰减,瑞利散射波形峰密度增大;随着脉宽的增大,第一峰漂移量周期性振荡衰减,瑞利散射波形峰密度减小,峰值功率不断增大。
A one-dimensional impulse response model of Rayleigh scattering with single-mode fiber was used to numerically simulate Rayleigh scattering characteristics of 15m wavelength nanosecond laser pulses of 80m detecting fiber in phase optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR). The simulation gives the corresponding Rayleigh scattering waveforms when the various physical parameters (such as refractive index, laser frequency and pulse width) affect the waveform. The theoretical analysis shows that these parameters influence the Rayleigh scattering waveform variation: With the fiber refractive index As the laser frequency increases, the first peak drifts periodically attenuate and the peak densities of Rayleigh scattering waves increase. With the increase of laser frequency, With the increase of pulse width, the first peak drifts periodically attenuate, and the peak densities of Rayleigh scattering waveforms decrease and the peak power increases continuously.