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为了研究气候变化情景下农作物种植应对措施,采用分期播种法,对高海拔旱作区春油菜生长过程中耗水量变化和降水、温度的影响试验。结果表明,高海拔旱作区油菜全生育期耗水量在254~286mm之间,抽薹-开花期耗水占全生育期的6.9%~10.3%,开花-成熟期耗水占全生育期的32.3%~58.2%。抽薹-开花期耗水量与产量相关极显著(r=0.890);开花-成熟期耗水量与产量相关显著(r=0.764),期间耗水量每增加1mm油菜产量增加37.9kg/hm2。不同播期耗温比与产量相关达极显著水平(r=0.844),耗温比每增加1单位,油菜产量增加86.4kg/hm2。不同播期油菜水分利用效率与产量呈极显著正相关(r=0.981),水分利用效率每增加1单位,油菜产量增加313.5kg/hm2。
In order to study the countermeasures of crop planting under climate change scenarios, the effects of changes of water consumption, precipitation and temperature on the growth of spring rape during high altitude and drought were studied by staged sowing method. The results showed that the water consumption during the whole growth period of rapeseed was in the range of 254 ~ 286mm, the water consumption during bolting-flowering period was 6.9% ~ 10.3% of the whole growth period, and the flowering-maturity water consumption accounted for 32.3% of the whole growth period % ~ 58.2%. The water consumption at flowering-flowering stage was significantly correlated with the yield (r = 0.890). The water consumption at flowering-maturity stage was significantly correlated with the yield (r = 0.764), with the increase of 37.9 kg / hm2 for every 1 mm increase in water consumption. The temperature-to-temperature ratio at different sowing dates correlated with the yield to a very significant level (r = 0.844). The output of rapeseed increased 86.4kg / hm2 for every 1 unit increase in temperature-consuming ratio. There was a significant positive correlation between water use efficiency and yield of rapeseed (sowing date = 0.981). The increase of water use efficiency by 1 unit increased the yield of rapeseed by 313.5kg / hm2.