论文部分内容阅读
以先玉335为试验材料,设置7.50万株/hm2和9.75万株/hm2两个种植密度,60 cm+60 cm等行距和40 cm+80 cm宽窄行两个行距配置,比较株行配置对春玉米冠层、根系结构与功能及产量的影响。结果表明,随种植密度增加,果穗、茎鞘干重百分比垂直分布明显上移,叶片干重百分比在垂直分布变化较小,行距配置对果穗、茎鞘干重百分比在垂直分布上影响较小。相对于等行距种植,宽窄行种植叶片干重百分比有下移趋势,群体不同叶位叶面积指数也表现为同一密度下,宽窄行种植群体上层LAI较小,穗位叶高效叶层LAI较大;随密度增加,根重有纵向下移的趋势,根系TTC还原强度在不同土层深度都显著降低。同一密度下,宽窄行种植根重的垂直分布出现下移趋势,根系TTC还原强度略高于等行距种植。高密度条件下,宽窄行种植降低了玉米果穗秃尖长,显著增加果穗穗粒数,因而显著提高产量,增产2.73%~10.86%,说明在宁夏扬黄灌区较高种植密度下,采用宽窄行种植能优化不同叶层结构,适当增加深层土壤根系所占比例及活力,有利于获得高产。
Taking Xianxu 335 as test material, two planting densities of 7.50 and 87.5 plants / hm2 were set, two row spacing of 60 cm + 60 cm and two rows of 40 cm + 80 cm wide and two rows were arranged. Effect of Spring Corn Canopy, Root Structure and Function and Yield. The results showed that with the increase of planting density, the vertical distribution of percentage of dry weight of ear and stem and sheath increased apparently, while the variation of dry weight percentage of vertical and vertical distribution of dry weight of leaf and stem and sheath were smaller. Compared with the same row spacing, the dry weight percentages of leaves planted in wide and narrow rows showed a downward trend. The leaf area index of different leaf positions also showed the same LAI, With the increase of density, the root weight had a downward trend in vertical direction, and the root TTC reduction intensity decreased significantly in different soil depths. Under the same density, the vertical distribution of root weight of wide and narrow rows showed a downward trend, and the reduction intensity of root TTC was slightly higher than that of the same row. Under the conditions of high density, planting width and width reduced the tip of bald tip of corn and significantly increased the number of spike per ear, which significantly increased the yield by 2.73% -10.86%. This indicated that under the higher planting density of Yanghuang irrigated area in Ningxia, Planting can optimize the structure of different leaf layers, appropriately increase the proportion and vigor of deep soil roots, which is conducive to high yield.