“文类”一般有两层含义,一是指文学分类系统,二是指系统下的类别。文类的产生是以实用为目的,它的功效就是将文学划分为若干的板块,可以使创作者得以寻阶登门,读者得以按图索骥,研究者得以提纲揭目。据此,可以将文类作为归纳、整理文学作品,而文学的重要性理当是在文类之上。然而诡异的是,在统合了大量优秀作品的特色之后,文类的地位竟然由“工具”突变成“准则”。这种主从关系的易位,堪称是文学发展史上的一个特殊现象。久而久之,文类甚至内化为一种先验真理潜在于文化结构之中。当代文学界所运用的诗歌、散文、小说、戏剧 “Classes ” generally have two meanings, one refers to the literature classification system, the second refers to the category under the system. The genre is produced for practical purposes. Its function is to divide the literature into several sections, enabling the creators to find their way out of the door, allowing the readers to follow the example, and the researcher can read the outline. Accordingly, the genre can be summarized as literary works, and the importance of literature should be above genre. However, weirdly, after combining the characteristics of a large number of outstanding works, the status of genre turned from “tool” into “criterion”. This translocation of the master-slave relationship can be described as a special phenomenon in the history of the development of literature. As time passes, the genre is even internalized as a transcendental truth that is latent in the cultural structure. Poetry, prose, fiction and drama used by contemporary literary circles