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目的分析2011年-2013年邢台市流感病毒流行情况,了解病毒毒株的型别及变化特点,为科学预防和控制流感提供依据。方法采集流感样病例(ILI)的咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测病毒核酸。结果2011年1月-2013年12月共采集2 144份ILI咽拭子标本,核酸阳性211份,阳性率为9.84%,包括127份A型流感病毒(5.92%)和84份B型流感病毒(3.91%)。其中A型流感病毒进一步分类鉴定为新A型H1N1 58份(2.70%),A型H3 68份(3.17%),A型未分型1份(0.05%)。不同年龄组病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.703,P<0.01),以5岁~年龄组阳性率(14.00%)最高。结论 2011年流感病毒优势株为A型H3,2012年为B型,2013年为新A型H1N1,各型别阶段性交替形成优势株。每年1月-2月为邢台市流感发生高峰期。为更好的防控流感,及时掌握流行趋势,仍需加强监测。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of influenza virus in Xingtai City from 2011 to 2013, understand the type and variation characteristics of virus strains and provide basis for scientific prevention and control of influenza. Methods Throat swab specimens from influenza-like cases (ILI) were collected and viral nucleic acids were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. Results A total of 2 144 samples of ILI throat swabs were collected from January 2011 to December 2013, 211 of which were positive for nucleic acid. The positive rate was 9.84%, including 127 influenza A viruses (5.92%) and 84 influenza B viruses (3.91%). Among them, 58 (2.70%) new type A H1N1 strains were identified as influenza A virus, 68 (3.17%) were type A H3 and 0.05% (1) were non-part A type A strains. The positive rates of virus in different age groups were statistically significant (χ2 = 13.703, P <0.01), and the highest positive rate was in the group of 5 years old to the age (14.00%). Conclusion The dominant strains of influenza virus in 2011 were type A H3, type B in 2012 and new type A H1N1 in 2013, and the predominant strains of each type were alternately formed in stages. January-February each year for the peak of Xingtai City flu. In order to better prevent and control the flu and keep abreast of the epidemic trends, monitoring needs to be strengthened.