目的探讨经腹腔镜行全直肠系膜切除治疗直肠癌的可行性。方法比较经腹腔镜与开腹两组标本的直肠系膜完整性和肠旁 3站淋巴结清扫数目的差异。结果①两组各 2 0例直肠癌切除标本的直肠系膜均完整无破损。②腹腔镜组与开腹组N1的淋巴结数分别为 8 5± 3 6与10 6± 6 2 (P =0 334 ) ;N2 的淋巴结数分别为 3 7± 2 2与 2 4± 2 1(P =0 32 8) ;N3 的淋巴结数分别为2 4± 1 7与 2 0± 1 8(P =0 5 90 )。③直肠远切端均无癌细胞浸润。结论经腹腔镜行全直肠系膜切除是可行的 Objective To investigate the feasibility of laparoscopic mesorectal excision for rectal cancer. Methods The transrectal mesorectal integrity and the numbers of lymph node dissection at the three sites in the two groups were compared by laparoscopy and open surgery. Results ① The mesorectal mesorectum of 20 cases of resected rectal cancer in both groups were intact. ② The number of lymph nodes in laparoscopic group and open group N1 was 85 ± 36 and 106 ± 62 respectively (P = 0 334). The number of lymph nodes in N2 was 37 ± 2 2 and 24 ± 21 ( P = 0 32 8). The number of lymph nodes in N3 was 24 ± 1 7 and 20 ± 1 8, respectively (P = 0 5 90). ③ far distal rectal cancer cell infiltration. Conclusion Laparoscopic mesorectal excision is feasible